If the dealer hits a soft 17, you should double down on an 11 if the dealer is showing an ace. That cuts your doubling options by 18, which is almost half! Being able to double on any two cards cuts the house edge by roughly 0. 42: 99. The more permissive the rule is in your table game, the better. 2. It’s thought that blackjack was originally a special bonus within the game of 21. To win, you must achieve two goals: get as close to 21 as you can without going over and score a higher number than the dealer. The player has 9 and the dealer has 5 or 6. RS: Surrender if the option is available, else Stand. Surrender is orange. It’s also possible to gain the monetary edge over the casino. When you surrender in blackjack, you will have to give up half of your bet. What to do when you are sitting with a retard/s on the table,who dont know how to play blackjack,saying hit with 16 against 6. Blackjack surrender is a strategy which allows you to surrender your hand before it is over and only suffer a 50% wager loss. Clearly. Ace can count as a 1 or an 11 depending on. 00; 3. Then, the dealer will give you only one card The dealer settles all bets at the end of the hand. [1] : 342 It is the most widely played casino banking game in the world. The odds would be heavily stacked against the house if this was the case. -card: composed of a value (like 10 for 10's, Jacks, Queens, etc. The Wizard of Odds. In 4-8 decks blackjack, give up any 15 to dealer’s 10 and ace if the dealer hits soft 17. :. Surrendering, as we explain in our glossary of blackjack terms, refers to the offer in some games styles of blackjack (mainly American versions) which allows players to forfeit their hand in the current round and get. One of the most important decisions a player can make in blackjack is whether to surrender or not. Algorithms:The dealer with an ace up asks if you want insurance then checks for a blackjack. To hit is an instruction given by players to the dealer to request an extra card and can be indicated in verbal form or by simply tapping the table. Hard 12-17. The surrender rule is one of the most important aspects of blackjack because it determines how often a player can lose. You are misreading the chart. Surrender is a blackjack option that allows you to fold your hand and receive half your bet back. This article will explain what does surrender mean in blackjack and why it is important to know when to use it. Basic Strategy: A collection of the mathematically best plays in every situation given the rules being used in a blackjack. 15 versus ace is surrender instead of hit. There is an exception when the 16 is a pair of 8s. You wait for the next hand and lose half your bet. Or you can “stand,” which means to forego any other cards and let the dealer play their hand. PD: Split if doubling down is permitted after splitting, else double down. The Number of Decks Used. Split 3s when the dealer holds the total of 4 – 7. This is not intended to be a formal dictionary; precise usage details and multiple closely related senses are omitted here in. Firstly, let’s define what surrender means. This is known as surrender. Late surrender lets you surrender half of your wager after the dealer has checked their cards. A bet is made using your two cards and the dealer’s upcard. Play and win on the go from anywhere you get a connection. Avoid splitting 4s. In blackjack, the house edge over an inexperienced player is around 2%. 3:2 blackjack is considered standard, and thus, the rule adds 0%. Jun 20, 2007 #1. Blackjack Surrender is a popular variant of the card game. Ds = Double if. Another way to look at it is that you are guaranteed not to bust if you hit on your soft hand because the ace can always. If the strategy says to double but you’re not allowed, then hit, except you should stand with a soft 18. Of the 2/3 you would give up . Facing Down. 39%; Late surrender against an Ace: 0%In general, there are two main reasons why you might want to surrender in blackjack. Draw a line, or cut, under your hand of cards. Surrender in Blackjack gives players the opportunity to cut their losses if they feel they have a very limited chance of winning the round in play. What does it mean to surrender in blackjack? The Wizard examines when to surrender. The aim of the game is to beat the dealer by getting as close to 21 as you can, without going over it. What does surrender mean in blackjack, in blackjack what does insurance mean What does surrender mean in blackjack What does surrender mean in blackjack Bitslot - Free Spin Bonuses on Wednesdays and W. 17 versus ace is surrender instead of stand. The player should surrender if the True Count equals or exceeds the Index Number. How Does Blackjack Surrender Work? After cards are dealt, the player will. Some examples: 5 + 7 + 9 = 21, so this hand has a value of 21. Some players believeBlackjack is a game that requires you to get as close to 21 as possible, without going over that figure. The probability of getting a blackjack is 128/415, or 30. However the actual probability is much less, because as the player gets each blackjack the ratio of aces to cards left in the deck decreases. Blackjack insurance is a side bet that is usually half your original wager and pays 2 to 1. We’ve put together a list of common blackjack terms and definitions that should get you up to speed. The approximate standard deviation (SD) figures for the play-all style approach with ordinary bet spreads are as follows: 1. The higher total wins the bet, but there’s a catch. On your original two cards, you can double your bet before the dealer gives you another card. Blackjack Strategy Chart Key: H = Hit. -0. When halfway through a deck, if your value is high, there are more 10’s, face card, and aces remaining than low cards. home; about us. “RS” is a strategy abbreviation. If the dealer has a soft 17, the dealer must hit. What Does It Mean to Surrender? Mention the word ‘surrender’ and most people will have a mental image of someone in a war waving a white flag in order to let the opposition know that they’re laying down their weapons. If these circumstances are not right, we would recommend letting the chips. 39: 99. Blackjack is played with a conventional deck of 52 playing cards and suits don’t matter. If the dealer has a 9 or higher showing, surrender that 16 if you’re playing with at least four decks. 62% to 0. Many players often refer to thi. -hand: composed of a bet, a list of cards, and two hands (potential left split and right split) -player: composed of a balance and a hand. A pair of 7’s splits against dealer 2 through 7, otherwise hit. If you kept betting that way for 10,000 hours of blackjack that means you placed $100 million worth of individual bets, added together. Don. In some versions, you can even split different 10-value cards, like a jack and a queen. In some blackjack variants, that would be the best move. The V shape is crucial as it makes it more apparent to the dealer you mean to split rather than double down. Yes. Knowing When to Surrender in Blackjack for Optimal Wins. Against an Ace, surrender 15 at a true of 2 or more, if the dealer stands on A-6. Card Counter - a skilled player who keeps track of the cards as they are dealt. Soft 17 is a situation in which the blackjack hand contains a total of 17 with a single ace (6+A, 4+2+A, etc. In this case the house edge goes from 0. Notice the additional hands that you should surrender with h17. But of. We’ll explain when to surrender in Blackjack and how to do it properly. Not only did it succeed, but it worked a little too well. It may seem like a small difference but it makes a huge difference in your expected outcome. A Blackjack surrender is an optional rule found at some Blackjack games. If you have a winning blackjack hand, you get paid 3 dollars for every 2 that you bet, or 1. The basic concept of blackjack is simple. As we’ve mentioned previously, Playtech is one of the online casino software companies which has produced Blackjack Surrender online and made it available to players at various online casinos in the realm. It allows you to surrender (give up) half of your bet after you have seen your first two cards and the dealer’s first card. Hard 5-7, hard 12-17, pairs of 3s, 6s, 7s, or 8s. 10. As betting rules dictate, players must add their wagers to the table before the game starts. So, your chances of getting a blackjack are lower with more decks in play. Flat bet . Meanwhile, when the dealer is required to hit on Soft 17, they can improve their hand value and end up with either 18, 19, 20 or 21. Blackjack insurance is a side bet that is completely separate from an original bet or main wager. 47 for his Benchmark Rules, which are six decks, dealer stands on soft 17, no double after split, no re-splitting aces, no surrender. The objective is to get a hand total of closer to 21 than the dealer without going over 21 (busting). You lose half your. The other half will go back into your stack. Payouts are still the same. When you surrender in blackjack you are immediately forfeiting your hand and getting 50% of your bet returned to you. It is available in the Blackjack Surrender variant. Play Online Blackjack Now! For Real Money or Free. It is calculated by the casino analysts on the basis of repeated outcomes of the game sessions, played by various players of the casino over thousands of hours. This method is used by players who do not want to lose their entire bet based on the assumption that the dealer has the winning hand. Only players can split, never the dealer. He also wins if his total hand value is closest to 21. The main goal of this bet is the same as any other such game – to get a higher score than your dealer without exceeding 21. When your insurance index is reached you win insurance 1/3 of the time and lose it 2/3 of the time. Ultimately, the game’s main aim. Surrender (only available as first decision of a hand): Some games offer the option to 'surrender' directly after the dealer has checked for blackjack (see below for variations). Bonus Blackjack: 0. Any blackjack hand that contains an ace counted as an 11 is a soft hand. With this blackjack betting system, you can save 50% of your bet against losing bad hands. After the number of decks used and the. Action: The amount of money that’s been bet. So if you plan to be at the blackjack table for a while and bet $5 a hand, you should have at least a $500 bankroll. Surrender is simply an optional rule in blackjack that allows you to give up half your bet after you have seen your first two cards and the dealer up card. This means that if you feel like your hand is not strong enough to beat the dealer, you can choose to forfeit half of your bet instead of playing out the entire hand. The probability of getting a blackjack is 128/415, or 30. This article covers the different blackjack charts to help you. What does surrender mean in blackjack. Data Structures: -deck: composed of a vector or list of cards. blackjack dealer hit on 17 They include: Combined endodontic-periodontic lesions, through-and-through bone lesions, and large periapical lesions almost. Blackjack is a casino banked game, meaning that players compete against the house rather than each other. When a player decides to surrender, half of their original bet is returned to them and half is taken by the dealer. If the dealer has blackjack, the hand is a push, but the player receives twice the value of the insurance, which is the same as the original bet. If you get a total of 22 or higher, you bust, which is an automatic loss. It comes in three forms: late, early against a dealer’s 10, and full Blackjack early surrender. In every blackjack game, the dealer either stands on Soft 17 or higher, or hits Soft 17, which means they can only stand on Hard 17, plus any 18 or more. When you make an insurance bet you are assuming that the dealer has blackjack and you are using your original wager to assert a bet. Late surrender in blackjack allows you to surrender a hand and lose only half of your original bet after the dealer checks for blackjack. You lose anyway if he does have blackjack, but late surrender rules mean you can throw away your hand and save half your stake if he doesn’t. 2:1 is a better payout. Surrender after Split; Split any time; Multiple draws after split Aces; The Worst Hand In 6-Deck Blackjack. Select the rules and cards, then click the Calculate button. Surrender is similar to the La Partage rule in. Best paying online slots in copenhagen 2023 what does surrender mean in Blackjack, the Everum Casino Text Chat is available directly on the casino site. Download Blackjack Strategy Charts in PDF / PNG formats. Never split tens. RH: Surrender if the option is available, else Hit. With a bet of $10, you keep your $10 and win a further $15 from the dealer. If you picked a betting option, you cannot change your mind and switch to surrender. 35; 2. If your hand has a total of 8, you hit. A toughening legal stance has made many australian players concerned that they are going to miss out on the online casino. This means that you’re confident that your hand will beat the dealer during the showdown. 5% or less depending on the specific table rules and number of decks being used. Most casinos allow players to surrender any time before they lose all of their chips, so long as they have at least one chip left. The blackjack basic playing strategy for surrender in a six-deck game with the dealer standing on soft 17 is: Surrender hard 16 (but not 8-8) against a dealer 9, 10, or Ace upcard. 5 times the value of the original bet but loses the value of the insurance and still ends up with the value of the original bet. What does the word “surrender” mean in Blackjack? You can get rid of your cards instead of continuing to play or staying on the different variations of Blackjack. So instead of continuing the round, the player can give up. There are 16 of those in a single deck, meaning there. Blackjack insurance odds pay out at 2/1. Consequently, they conclude the game prematurely and retrieve half of their initial bet (unless the dealer holds a Blackjack). One of the strategies in blackjack is surrendering, which can be an excellent way to minimize losses and maximize your. Read more in detail here: blackjack dealer rules. Generally, the rules state the dealer must hit if their hand value is 16 or less and stand on hands of 17 or more. There are two types of surrendering in Blackjack: early surrender and late surrender. What does surrender mean in blackjack. But of. 5 of your bet if you surrender. The probability of a blackjack in a single deck game is 4*16/combin (52,2) = 64/1326. If you do play a game with a negative house edge then, yes, that does mean you will have better odds than the house, assuming you play the basic strategy. There is only a handful of situations when you should surrender your hand. Or does it only meant that casino chances to win is 50. ). One of the most important concepts in blackjack is surrender. But surprisingly, many people don’t understand the ins and outs of the move, and how timing plays an important role. It’s usually a good idea to Double Down when: The player has drawn 11. Card suits have no meaning in blackjack. What Does Surrender Mean In Blackjack - Top Online Slots Casinos for 2022 #1 guide to playing real money slots online. Betting Stand, Hit Split, or Double you will automatically lose the opportunity to return half of the amount. The correct basic strategy is a proven winning system for the game of twenty-one. One of the strategies in blackjack is surrendering, which can be an excellent way to minimize losses and maximize your chances of winning. 0726%. A have a few more questions for you dear members: 1. What is surrender in blackjack? A: Surrender is a card game in which the player who has been dealt a hand of cards with an initial value of 21, or less,. Basic strategy for late surrender in an eight-deck game where the dealer hits soft 17 and surrender is allowed is to surrender with hard 15 against a dealer’s 10 or. Aug 2, 2011. One of the strategies in blackjack is surrendering, which can be an excellent way to minimize losses and maximize your chances of winning. If the dealer doesn't have blackjack, then you can surrender when it's your turn. In 6:5 you get paid $6 for every $5 you bet, which is 1. When one decides to surrender, half of the original bet is returned to the stack and half is forfeited to the dealer. What does surrender mean in Blackjack for you? Surrendering is an optional rule for the classic game that you may find both in land-based casino enterprises and online NZ casinos providing a wider and better array of table games. *Excluding Soft 16 and a pair of 8s. If they show a 2, 3, or a 7 through ace, hit. The regular game uses 1-8 standard playing decks with 52 cards, each. Unlike games such as poker. 0. 📌Pay attention: if you opt for single deck blackjack, the following cards don’t force you. 10%. Meaning, we may receive a commission if you click. Allowing this before the dealer checks for blackjack is known as early surrender, while allowing it only after the dealer has checked for blackjack (and not received one) is known as late surrender. So, your chances of getting a blackjack are lower with more decks in play. If you bet $10, you win $10 from the dealer (plus you keep your original bet, of course. Another good one to remember is to surrender 14 against a 10 at a true of 3 or more. So, instead of holding the round, players can give up. Double down on any two or more cards – See DSA. To double down basically means to double your initial bet. Achieving a Blackjack . What does it mean to "Surrender"? Some types of Blackjack games, you will have the choice to save half your wager by surrendering your hand. This is the effect of some common player-friendly rule variations: Early surrender against an Ace: -0. One of the most important decisions a player can make in blackjack is whether to surrender or not. A blackjack term that originated in baseball, first base is the seat to the immediate left of the dealer, which is alw ays first to be dealt their cards, and first to act. While blackjack is a fairly easy game to play, there’s a lot of lingo that can seem almost foreign to a new player. Draw a line, or cut, under your hand of cards. What is surrender in blackjack? This is a strategy in which the player may fold the hand risking only half of the bet rather than the entire amount. These people are always keen to take just one more card, even if they have a. Doubling down is one of several choices a player has after receiving their two initial cards in the game of blackjack. When you have a soft 16. Considering all factors, when you do the math, you’ll be better off by 3. This only works if the dealer has a 4, 5, or 6. You must remember that a pair of eights is still a 16. 20 for every 0 wagered. By playing perfect basic strategy, your expected return is 99. On top of the blackjack strategy charts above, here are a few additional rules to remember: Surrender if you have a 16 and the dealer is showing a 10. Blackjack is a popular casino game that has been around for centuries. If the total of the cards exceeds 21 at any point, the player is bust and loses the hand. Continuous shuffle machine used. The cards from 2 through 9 are valued at their face value. The game uses 6-8 decks. For example, if you have an Ace and a Six, the chances of you going over 21 are pretty high. A full table of all index numbers can be found in Chapter 3, and Appendix A, of Professional Blackjack by Stanford Wong. On just a $10 bet, the difference in profit is a whole $3, which is huge. If the dealer has a total of 18 or more, then he must stand. Does dealer show cards in blackjack? A: Yes, the dealer will show a card in blackjack. Unified Gaming offers the best blackjack game for the basic strategy player I have ever seen is offered anywhere. Best Promo For New Dk Casino: Book of Shadows is a nice-looking, date. The actions in a blackjack strategy chart are: H - Hit. The object is to beat the dealer’s hand total without going over 21 or let the dealer go over 21. Ds - Double if possible, otherwise stand. It‘s a device attached directly to the blackjack table that randomly shuffles cards after every single hand. For a single-deck game with a bet spread of 1-4, the SD is 2. Discover the best slot machine games, types, jackpots, FREE games. Does Foxwoods offer single deck Blackjack? Foxwoods only offers 6-deck and 8-deck blackjack. If a playerThe blackjack basic playing strategy for surrender in a six-deck game with the dealer standing on soft 17 is: Surrender hard 16 (but not 8-8) against a dealer 9, 10, or Ace upcard. The player is dealt another card, and they can be dealt more if they wish. " Subscribe to Updates Get the latest creative news from FooBar about art, design and business. There are many factors that go into making a decision to surrender, including the cards that are currently being held by the player, the dealer's current hand, and any potential bonuses that may beA two-card twenty can be surrendered for a half-win against a dealer 10, as long as the dealer does not have a natural. Understand what "Blackjack 3 to 2" means. The index listed is 2*. In the. You don't always double; you double if the TC>=-1. Considering that a natural blackjack happens around five times on every 100 hands and assuming that you’ll put down $10 in every round, you are likely to win $15 (5x$3) more when playing. They got 17vA, and 15vA surrender incorrect. You can “hit,” which means to get another card. Unlike a hand shuffled game, the dealer doesn‘t shuffle periodically when cards run out. The goal of a standoff is usually to. Rule #2: Surrender 15 v 10. When playing on an online casino platform, there will be a blackjack surrender button. Simply put, it is an optional rule that tends to appear in blackjack games, and its purpose is to allow the player to give up half of their bet after seeing their first two cards and the dealer up card. Dealer has a soft 17. What does D mean in blackjack? D. An example would be if you bet $100 and were dealt a 16 versus a dealer’s. Top 10 australian casino sites. When used, it is almost always a late surrender, meaning the dealer peeks for blackjack before players can take this action. The dealer starts with an initial hand of ten cards, which can be increased by splitting or doubling down. Blackjack - an automatic winning hand containing both an Ace and a 10 value card. So, does that mean the blackjack basic strategy doesn’t work? Not at all. It comes in three forms: late, early against a dealer’s 10, and full Blackjack early surrender. When surrendering, you're giving up your hand and reducing your chances of winning, but it's often the best option when you're losing. time:2023-10-11 18:00:42. Eight decks. This Blackjack Card Counting method tells the player what cards are predominantly remaining in the deck, High cards or Low cards. The first is if you have a hand that’s highly likely to bust. When you decide to surrender, the dealer will take half of your initial bet and your cards will be removed from play. What does that mean? Well, in simple terms, you can say that for every $100 you bet in blackjack, you’ll lose $2. If the dealer has blackjack, you win the. Surrender in blackjack, while fairly rare in land casinos, is a frequently discussed topic in blackjack. Hit and stand are the most important ones, and each involves the following: Stand — When you stand in blackjack, you’re refusing to take any more cards and holding your total. 40 % mean? Does it mean that casino chances to win are 50. As a player, you can do virtually whatever you like with your hand, but the dealer must act according to a simple rule. Surrendering is a way to proverbially throw in the towel and cut your losses on a bad hand without sacrificing your whole bet. There are loads more rules variants – the above are just a few common ones. It is also wise to hit if the dealer has a relatively higher-value card in their hand, such as a 7, 8 or 9, because they are likely to make 21. Ph - Split if allowed to split after double, otherwise hit. Blackjack Surrender – Surrendering in blackjack is a great move when used in the right situation. Here is the chart I am looking at. A pair of 6’s splits against dealer 2 through 6, otherwise hit. However, surrendering at blackjack can sometimes be a good option. 👉 Blackjack surrender hand signal Blackjack surrender hand signal Dat is heel weinig. 1% house edge. What does surrender mean in blackjack? Surrender in deck blackjack is an option that allows players to fold and lose half of their bet in the game than the full game. It is calculated by the casino analysts on the basis of repeated outcomes of the game sessions, played by various players of the casino over thousands of hours. There will be wins, losses, and. 5 times more than your stake. In Spanish 21 there are multiple ways to win each time you play a hand! Spanish 21 is played with a “Spanish Deck” which means it contains only 48 cards and doesn’t contain any of the “10” value cards. time:2023-10-11 21:48:21. In the context of blackjack, surrender refers to a player’s option to give up their hand and forfeit half of their original bet. The odds of winning at blackjack can be as high as 42. That is the worst hand you can have at blackjack. Then, the dealer will give you only one card The dealer settles all bets at the end of the hand. Advanced blackjack strategy means more than knowing your cards; a skilled player must read the dealer’s hand as well. However, one of the dealer’s card will be open – this is called a “hole card”. Bovada – Best for Live Dealer Blackjack. Multiple Deck Blackjack Strategy Chart where the Dealer Hits on Soft 17. If surrender is allowed, surrender hard 15 against ace, hard 17 against ace, and a pair of 8’s against dealer ace. Learn more about blackjack side bets, including 21+3 in our guide Credit: Getty. The most frequently found version of the final rule. After seeing their hand, a player can double by placing an additional bet equal to their original bet and drawing one and only one additional card. Surrender your 16. As its name implies, surrendering your hand is the gist of surrendering at blackjack. This move is helpful when your hand has low odds of winning. Moreover, after going through this page, you’ll understand what game types offer this feature and what are its basic rules. This may not seem like much. Find the ways to pick a reliable online casino in australia for 2022 and get rewarded with the most acceptable casino bonuses, promotions,. When you play your hand, your basic moves are simple. 1. The others are 6:5 games. Some casinos allow you to get half your wager back if you forfeit your hand after receiving your first two cards. RS: Surrender if the option is available, else Stand. When a player decides to. If the dealer does not have a natural blackjack, then players can choose to surrender before any additional cards are dealt. For the final surrender game, you will only receive half of the original bet if the hole. What Does Surrender Mean in Blackjack? Surrender is one of the most misunderstood moves in blackjack. You should also double down if you have a soft 19 and the dealer has a 6. Amidst the decisions that shape the outcome of each hand, the concept of “surrender” emerges as a unique strategic option, often invoked by. If an edge is 1%, it does not mean that you personally pay 1% of your wager to a casino. If you’re right, you get paid 2 to 1. In this article, we will discuss what the surrender rule is and how it can benefit players. 110-00 Rockaway Blvd, Queens, NY 11420, USA. ) Blackjack (natural) - the player wins 1. These USA video slots games are story-based slot. You can match your hand’s total with the dealer’s “upcard” on this chart, and then take the suggested action. Today’s winners: Can you surrender in blackjack in vegas, can you surrender in blackjack in vegas; Blackjack what does surrender mean, blackjack surrender onlineBarring a Player - a casino refusing to allow a player to play in a blackjack game. Late Surrender Allowed (LS) Surrender any number of cards; Surrender after Double; Splits. No. What does it mean to surrender in blackjack? Some blackjack titles at land-based casinos offer the option to surrender. A pair of 9’s splits against dealer 2 through 9, except for 7, otherwise stand. It doesn’t matter what variant of blackjack you’re playing, but the dreaded 16 hands are often considered to be the worst hand. 78% of the time. Simply put, it is an optional rule that tends to appear in blackjack games, and its purpose is to allow the player to give up half of their bet after seeing their first two cards and the dealer up card. Blackjack dealer rules also differ when it comes to standing. PD: Split if doubling down is permitted after splitting, else double down. If you are dealt 16: In single or double deck blackjack, surrender to any ace or 10 the dealer is holding. There is a lot of debate surrounding what surrendering in blackjack actually means. All this means is that you, the player, will get $3 for every $2. It uses decks of 52 cards and descends from a global family of casino banking games known as "twenty-one". It is the most common option at all types of casinos. Blackjack Surrender is a strategy that allows players to fold for half of their initial bet. Double after splits allowed. Banken gebruiken software die miljoenen regels code bevat. Every other card remains and functions as it does in blackjack, including the Kings, Queens, and Jacks, which are still valued at 10. This move is made after the dealer has checked for blackjack and before any additional cards are drawn. Players. There is no definitive hand signal for surrender in blackjack, but almost all players use some variation of the "thumbs up" gesture. Pair of 7s. It is not offered at all casinos, or. Before surrendering, it's important to consider your currentThe goal in any hand of Blackjack is to beat the dealer. The odds of winning at blackjack — classic variety is 3/2. The standard blackjack strategy is to only surrender if your chance of winning a hand is 25% of lower, and there are only a handful of blackjack scenarios where this happens: Surrender 16 against 9, 10 or Ace. Splitting in blackjack means playing your hole cards as two separate hands for the cost of doubling the initial bet. Blackjack what does surrender mean.